Why only Si and Ge are used as semiconductors?
Silicon and germanium are used here effectively because they have 4 valence electrons in their outermost shell, which gives them the ability to gain or lose electrons equally at the same time. See the article : Which of the following is inorganic compound semiconductor?.
Why do we use Si and Ge as semiconductors? Why do Ge and Si behave as semiconductors? Solution : The energy gap in Ge and Si is of the order of 1 eV Electrons can be easily excited from a valence bond to the conduction band to enable them to conduct electricity. So, Ge and Si behave as semiconductors.
Why is Si used in semiconductor?
Silicon, a very common element, is used as a raw material of semiconductors because of its stable structure. Read also : What are the example of elemental semiconductor and compound semiconductor?. Cleaning Silicon consumes large amounts of power.
Why do we prefer silicon for transistors?
Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties. One of its most important properties is that it is a semiconductor. This means that it conducts electricity under some conditions and acts as an insulator under others.
Why is si a semiconductor?
A silicon atom has 14 electrons around the nucleus, and of these, there are 4 valence electrons on the outermost orbital. When this is transformed into a single crystal, it can be used as a material for semiconductors.
Why is silicon a semiconductor and not carbon?
In carbon (diamond), the energy gap between the valence band and conduction band is too high for this to happen. See the article : What are types of semiconductor?. In silicon, the band gap is small enough for electrons to jump, and so silicon is a semiconductor and carbon is not.
Why is Si preferred over carbon?
Carbon does exhibit semi-conductivity, but it will require a lot of energy to operate. The closer an electron is to the nucleus, the stronger the covalent bond. Since carbon has only 2 shells, the valence electrons are quite strongly bound, while in case of silicon, its ideal ie. 3 shells.
Why is silicon used instead of carbon in electronics?
Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties. One of its most important properties is that it is a semiconductor. This means that it conducts electricity under some conditions and acts as an insulator under others.
Why do Si and Ge behave as semiconductors but C does not?
Because of which the number of free electrons for conduction will be significant in Ge and Si but will be negligibly small for C. Therefore C is an insulator while Si and Ge is an intrinsic semiconductor.
Why are Si and Ge semiconductors but not a carbon?
Since carbon has only 2 shells, the valence electrons are quite strongly bound, while in case of silicon, its ideal ie. 3 shells. Germanium is not a preferred semiconductor and is used in very few applications because the valence electrons are so loosely bound that it starts conducting even at room temperature.
Why do germanium and silicon behave as semiconductors when compared to carbon?
Solution: The four bonding electrons of carbon, silicon and germanium are present in the second, third and fourth orbit. It results in the relatively higher ionization energy for carbon and least for Germanium.
What was the advantage of using transistors over vacuum tubes?
Transistors: Advantages Lower power consumption, less waste heat and high efficiency than equivalent tubes, especially in small-signal circuits.
What are the advantages of using vacuum tubes? Some advantages of vacuum tubes include: Ability to withstand damage caused by an electromagnetic pulse that occurs during a nuclear explosion. Ability to operate at higher power, higher voltage and higher operating temperature than solid state devices. Unique tonal qualities that make it good for audio amplifiers.
What are the advantages of using transistor?
Advantages of transistor:
- It is used for fast switching applications.
- Less mechanical sensitivity.
- It is used as a current controlled current gain.
- It is available at a very low cost.
- It is very smaller in size.
- Fast switching.
- It has a longer life. Low operating voltage for greater safety, lower costs and narrower clearances.
What are the advantages of using a transistor as a switch?
Advantages of Transistor as a Switch No moving parts, therefore little wear and tear. Trouble free service due to solid state technology. Noiseless operation. Has infinite life.
What was the biggest advantage of using transistors?
The main advantage of the transistor is that it can be used to create an integrated circuit that is a much smaller and cheaper alternative to the vacuum tube. The transistor was invented in 1947 by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley at Bell Laboratories.
Are transistors faster than vacuum tubes?
Electrons move more slowly in a solid than in a vacuum, which means that transistors are generally slower than vacuum tubes; as a result, computing is not as fast as it could be.
How fast can a vacuum tube switch?
But there is a possibility that vacuum tube technology could make its way back into computers, albeit without the vacuum, thanks to NASA research that has assembled nanoscale “vacuum channel” transistors that can switch at more than 400GHz.
Why is a transistor better than a vacuum diode?
Transistors are mechanically stronger than vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes are relatively less efficient. Transistors have very high efficiency compared to vacuum tubes. For vacuum tubes, the voltage gain is low.
What was the advantage of using transistors instead of vacuum tubes in the second generation computers?
Compared to the vacuum tube, the transistor was much better thereby making possible computers to become more reliable, smaller in size, faster in speed, more energy-efficient, and cheaper compared to the first generation of computers.
Why transistor is used in second generation computer?
In this generation, transistors were used that were cheaper, consumed less power, more compact in size, more reliable and faster than the first generation machines made of vacuum tubes. In this generation, magnetic cores were used as the primary memory and magnetic tape and magnetic disks as secondary storage devices.
What was the advantage of using transistors instead of vacuum tubes in the second generation computers a computers were drastically reduced in size?
Because the transistor was so much smaller and consumed significantly less power, a computer system built with transistors was also much smaller, faster, and more efficient than a computer system built with vacuum tubes.
What is the advantage & disadvantages of transistor?
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| High voltage gain | Low power dissipation |
| Smaller in size | Low input impedance |
What was the biggest advantage of using transistors? The main advantage of the transistor is that it can be used to create an integrated circuit that is a much smaller and cheaper alternative to the vacuum tube. The transistor was invented in 1947 by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley at Bell Laboratories.
What are the advantages of using a transistor as a switch?
Advantages of Transistor as a Switch No moving parts, therefore little wear and tear. Trouble free service due to solid state technology. Noiseless operation. Has infinite life.
What are the advantages of using transistor?
Advantages of transistor:
- It is used for fast switching applications.
- Less mechanical sensitivity.
- It is used as a current controlled current gain.
- It is available at a very low cost.
- It is very smaller in size.
- Fast switching.
- It has a longer life. Low operating voltage for greater safety, lower costs and narrower clearances.
When would you use a transistor as a switch?
A transistor can be used as a solid state switch. If the transistor is operated in the saturation region then it acts as a closed switch and when it is operated in the cut-off region then it behaves as an open switch. The transistor works as a Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) solid state switch.
What are the three advantages of transistor?
Three advantages that transistors have over valves are their size, power consumption, and heat transfer. Transistors are very small and can even fit in portable electronic devices. They also use less power than valves, making them more efficient. This also makes them cheaper to use and increases battery life.
What are the 3 function of transistors?
transistor, a semiconductor device for amplifying, controlling and generating electrical signals.
What are the advantages of transistor?
Advantages of transistor:
- Less mechanical sensitivity.
- Lower cost and smaller in size, especially in small-signal circuits.
- Low operating voltages for greater safety, lower costs and narrower clearances.
- Extremely long life.
- No power consumption from cathode heater.
- Fast switching.
Are old vacuum tubes worth anything?
There is a large market today for newer tubes used in vintage music amplifiers and vintage tube stereo equipment. Sought after by Audiophiles, these include the common American made 6L6 ($15-$25) and 12AX7 ($8-$15). If it’s a Telefunken brand, you can easily double or even triple the price.
Is there gold in old vacuum tubes? If you look inside, you’ll see that it contains an amplifier, a radio receiver, two large speakers, and even a turntable, all packed into a heavy duty cabinet. There are vacuum tubes, lots of wires, an antenna, and various other components. But is there gold inside? No, none at all.
Are vacuum tubes obsolete?
In most applications, the vacuum tube is obsolete, having been replaced decades ago by the bipolar transistor and, more recently, by the field effect transistor. However, tubes are still used in some high-powered amplifiers, especially at microwave radio frequencies and in some hi-fi systems.
Why are vacuum tubes no longer used?
In the 1950s, the invention of the transistor began to replace the vacuum tube, because vacuum tubes were bigger, delicate like a light bulb, and expensive. As computing devices began to become smaller in size, transistors were more ideal to use due to their smaller size.
Are vacuum tubes still used in computers?
It is used as a switch, amplifier or monitor (CRT). Used as on/off switches, tubes allowed the first computers to perform digital computations. Although tubes have made a comeback in high-end stereo components, they have long been abandoned for televisions and computer monitors.
Do vacuum tubes have any value?
Some older Western Electric tubes unused or the original box will sometimes sell for over a thousand dollars at auction. Western Electric “Tennis Ball†tubes have glass globes about the size and shape of a tennis ball with a glass tip on top. These numbers include 101D ($400) and 205D ($300).
Are vacuum tubes making a comeback?
They are actually vacuum tubes—the forerunners of the silicon transistor. Vacuum tubes went the way of the dinosaurs in the 1960s, but researchers have now revived them, creating a nano-sized version that is faster and tougher than the transistor.
Does anything still use vacuum tubes?
Today, there are few factories left in the world that still produce vacuum tubes, a technology developed more than a century ago instrumental to early radio and the access method for amplification until the increased popularity of cheaper solid-state technology in the 1970s.
What is the oldest vacuum tube?
1904: British engineer John Ambrose Fleming invents and patents the thermionic valve, the first vacuum tube. With this advance the era of modern wireless electronics is born.
What was the last year that vacuum tubes were used?
The Five Generations of Computers: Vacuum tubes were used in computers until the mid-1950s, but today, they have largely been replaced by more modern technologies.
Which is older vacuum tubes or transistors?
The Transistor is Born, but the Tube Lives In 1947, the trio of physicists William Shockley, Walter Brattain and John Bardeen created the world’s first transistor, and marked the beginning of the end for the vacuum tube.
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